• UNIT V

  • LESSON 1-A

    LITERATURE: SPRING BOARD OF CREATIVE ACTIVITIES

  • LESSON 1-B

    READING ALOUD

  • LESSON 2

    PLAIN STORYTELLING

  • LESSON 3

    STORYTELLING WITH PICTURES

  • LESSON 4

    DRAMATIZATION

  • LESSON 5

    PUPPETS AND MARIONETTES

  • Literature is where all creative activities start

  • Creative techniques are used to make stories more appealing to the audience. And stories are literature so they make literature more interesting

  • A creative and conducive learning environment is needed to make children interested with literature

  • BASIC TASK OF TEACHERS, LIBRARIANS, AND PARENTS, is: helping children develop interest and love for literature.

  • Sample Techniques to making children interested with literature:

  • Not all books are the same. There are stories suitable for reading aloud and there are also those good for ordinary normal tone telling.

  • Stories for reading aloud:

  • Different age groups are interested in different stories:

  • Suggested Things to do when reading aloud:

  • Stories are man’s chief means of communication.

  • In the early days, a story was a simple account of the events that took place during that day.

  • These days, children are exposed to different forms of media media communication e.g. television, movies, social-media internet, computers, etc., but the story teller is still an indispensable agent of socialization.

  • Values of story-telling:

  • Steps in Storytelling:

  • Uses of pictures

  • Kinds of pictures

  • Principles involved in the use of pictures.

  • How to use pictures

  • Word Drama comes from the greek and means to act or to do.

  • It is one of several methods of story telling.

  • Drama is intended to be acted rather than read.

  • It is both for children and adults.

  • 2 Types of Dramatization

  • Steps in Dramatization:

  • Other forms of dramatization:

  • techniques for creative dramatization:

  • Puppets are figures usually in limitation of life under an operator’s control used for dramatic presentation. It is a doll manipulated by the performer so that it will act as a character in a play.

  • 2 Types of hand manipulated figures:

  • Values of Puppets and Marionettes

    • Cooperation
    • Shy and slow learners can make great contribution
    • great deal of out of classroom work is done
    • interest in reading is developed
    • artistic and creative skills are developed
    • develop kinesthetic skills

  • Principles in using a puppet play for teaching:

    • Do not use puppets for stories or plays that can be done just as well or better by other dramatic means
    • Puppet plays focus must be on actions rather than words
    • must be short
    • must be adopted according to the audience
    • music and dancing can be incorporated
    • Hand puppet can be the narrator or storyteller

  • Samples

    sock puppets, sesame street, shadow puppets

  • + Oral interpretation techniques:

  • + Interpretative technique:

    • Picture-story books
    • Stories with plenty of action
    • Stories that help children understand their own world today
    • Stories with build strength and steadfastness in character
    • Stories which develop a child’s faith and decency in noble life
    • Stories which give him a feeling for wonder and goodness of the universe
    • Stories that give him a feeling for the wonder and goodness of the universe
    • Stories that have characters who are real children like them
    • Stories that are related to mystery
    • Stories that have fantasy
    • Fairy tales, fables, legends and hero tales

  • Stories pre-school children like:

    • Stories with rhythm and funny rhyming words. E.g. mother goose, alphabet books, counting books, animal stories

  • Stories for 1st grade children:

    • Stories about the world around them and about their immediate surrounding community

  • 2nd and 3rd grade children:

    • Tales of fantasy, or
    • funny animals that talk

  • 4rd grade and up:

    • Like stories about real things about them.
    • Stories with more facts but not necessarily true.

  • Older children:

    • Stories about adventure
    • Travel
    • Biographies

  • Other stories suitable for children in the lower grades:

    • Cinderella
    • 3 little pigs
    • Little red riding hood
    • Snow white
    • Define or explain words from the book or story in advance, for the readers/listeners to set the expectations of readers or listeners
    • Give the title of the story or the author for children who want to read it for themselves in advance or so they can read it again
    • Group children in a semi circle facing the reader
    • Sit on the floor
    • Teacher/reader should not hide his face when reading aloud. Showing the facial gestures is helpful to give impression to the audience, but too much face gestures can be distracting.
    • Teacher should keep an eye contact with the children
    • The reader should read aloud enough with correct punctuation, pronunciation, and dramatic simplicity
    • Give children time to ponder over the story, then talk about the parts they like best
    • Do not give any test or check-up questions
    • Story telling is an introduction to written language.
    • It gives children opportunity to know the best of children’s literature
    • Increases children’s knowledge and experience
    • Creates a desire in children to know the lives of other people and their culture
    • Develops listening and communication skills of children
    • Gives pleasure and enjoyment to children
    • Children learn to organize their thoughts when telling the story himself
    • children build confidence and how to properly express himself
    1. select a story to tell
    2. Prepare the story.
    3. Practice telling the story aloud to yourself.
    4. Announce your story informally in many ways
      a. Today we are going to hear about our old friends, : “”
      b. I have a new story for you today and it is called: “”
      c. You have heard all the stories about Jack and the beanstalk, now do you know there is another story called, “”
    5. at the end of the story,do not give any checkup questions or tests. do not ask them if they like the storyor not.
    6. children may draw illustrations of the character.

  • Pictures help create a series of incidents ouf of the story. They enrich meaning when there is a weird or something not easily understood by the listeners.

  • Pictures may be an illustration from a magazine, painting, a photograph, a drawing, or a sketch, or a combination of these.

    • Principles used should be authentic.
    • Pictures should be simple and clear in detail.
    • They should be large enough
    • should be meaningful
    • should have color, harmony and beauty of design
    • should explain something and inspire ideas
    • Display the pictures where everyone can see them
    • Arrange them on the chalkledge,
    • Each picture should be suited to the grade level of the children
    • Formal dramatization-Planned and preplotted. It is memorized and props are prepared.
    • informal dramatization-pupils act out the events of the story that is well known to them. They do not memorize, or practice. There are no costumes or stage props, but only a simple drama.
    1. Divide the story into parts
    2. name the parts
    3. list the characters
    4. discuss the setting
    5. let the pupil choose the cast for the different parts
    6. review the action and main conversation of each part or act
    7. let the pupils give constructive criticism
    8. let the pupils choose the final cast
    9. allow time for practice
    10. let each one evaluate their own performance
    • Monologue
    • Pantomine
    1. a child acts out the title of a book or poem
    2. a child reads out the dialogue from a story.
    3. a child may dress as a character from literature
    4. children may dramatize a story they have heard or read
    5. writing their own scripts for children in higher levels

    • a. puppet-a doll, manipulated directly by hand

    • b. marionette-a doll manipulated by strings

      • Reading aloud
      • Speech
      • Dramatic reading
      • Making children draw their favorite character of a story
      • Showing children pictures
      • Letting children choose their favorite pictures
      • Letting children make their own toys
      • Letting children create objects using paper or cardboard cutouts
      • Showing Maps related to stories of heroes or myths e.g. Hercules, map to the golden fleece, map to the promise land, etc
      • Drawings or pictures of famous authors or personalities
      • Letting them make their own poems or stories
        Making dramatization or plays

    • Values of Formal Dramatization:

      • Give participants the ability of self-expression and understanding.
      • Gives entertainment
      • Brings to life the subjects discussed in school
      • Gives substance to historic events and lives of great men and women.
      • Gives meaning to celebrations, holidays and commemorative activities.
      • Teaches people how to cooperate with each other.

    • Values of Informal Dramatization:

      • Develops imagination
      • Improves oral expression and poise
      • It gives them a command of self-expression
      • it develops stage presence
      • provides an outlet for emotion

    • Values in pantomine

      • Shy children can take active part in pantomining
      • children lose their self consciousness
      • they develop changing facial expressions
      • children learn to understand emotions
      • children develop appreciation of literature

    • types of puppets:
      a. stick puppets
      b. shadow puppets
      c. finger or hand puppets

      {"cards":[{"_id":"7716cbe85eaf8506f400005b","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678409,"position":0.5,"parentId":null,"content":"# UNIT V"},{"_id":"7715f69b67db59faa0000043","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678413,"position":1,"parentId":null,"content":"## LESSON 1-A\n\n## **LITERATURE: SPRING BOARD OF CREATIVE ACTIVITIES**","deleted":false},{"_id":"7715f8d367db59faa0000045","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676879,"position":2,"parentId":"7715f69b67db59faa0000043","content":"### Literature is where all creative activities start"},{"_id":"7715f6c367db59faa0000044","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676877,"position":3,"parentId":"7715f69b67db59faa0000043","content":"### Creative techniques are used to make stories more appealing to the audience. And stories are literature so they make literature more interesting"},{"_id":"7715f9b067db59faa0000046","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676874,"position":3.5,"parentId":"7715f69b67db59faa0000043","content":"### A creative and conducive learning environment is needed to make children interested with literature"},{"_id":"77160b9a67db59faa000004e","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676873,"position":3.75,"parentId":"7715f69b67db59faa0000043","content":"### BASIC TASK OF TEACHERS, LIBRARIANS, AND PARENTS, is: helping children develop interest and love for literature."},{"_id":"7715fb4967db59faa0000047","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676897,"position":3.875,"parentId":"7715f69b67db59faa0000043","content":"### Sample Techniques to making children interested with literature: "},{"_id":"7716035467db59faa0000049","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676917,"position":1,"parentId":"7715fb4967db59faa0000047","content":"*+ Oral interpretation techniques:*"},{"_id":"7716050567db59faa000004a","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676494,"position":1,"parentId":"7716035467db59faa0000049","content":"* Reading aloud\n* Speech\n* Dramatic reading"},{"_id":"771605af67db59faa000004b","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676919,"position":2,"parentId":"7715fb4967db59faa0000047","content":"*+ Interpretative technique:*"},{"_id":"771606d667db59faa000004c","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676507,"position":1,"parentId":"771605af67db59faa000004b","content":"* Making children draw their favorite character of a story\n* Showing children pictures\n* Letting children choose their favorite pictures\n* Letting children make their own toys\n* Letting children create objects using paper or cardboard cutouts\n* Showing Maps related to stories of heroes or myths e.g. Hercules, map to the golden fleece, map to the promise land, etc\n* Drawings or pictures of famous authors or personalities\n* Letting them make their own poems or stories\nMaking dramatization or plays"},{"_id":"7716282267db59faa0000052","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676929,"position":5,"parentId":null,"content":"## LESSON 1-B\n\n## **READING ALOUD**"},{"_id":"7716311467db59faa0000055","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676865,"position":1,"parentId":"7716282267db59faa0000052","content":"### Not all books are the same. There are stories suitable for reading aloud and there are also those good for ordinary normal tone telling. "},{"_id":"771631d367db59faa0000056","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676864,"position":2,"parentId":"7716282267db59faa0000052","content":"### Stories for reading aloud:"},{"_id":"7716323567db59faa0000057","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676747,"position":1,"parentId":"771631d367db59faa0000056","content":"* Picture-story books\n* Stories with plenty of action\n* Stories that help children understand their own world today\n* Stories with build strength and steadfastness in character\n* Stories which develop a child’s faith and decency in noble life\n* Stories which give him a feeling for wonder and goodness of the universe\n* Stories that give him a feeling for the wonder and goodness of the universe\n* Stories that have characters who are real children like them\n* Stories that are related to mystery\n* Stories that have fantasy\n* Fairy tales, fables, legends and hero tales\n"},{"_id":"77163bf667db59faa0000058","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676863,"position":3,"parentId":"7716282267db59faa0000052","content":"### Different age groups are interested in different stories: "},{"_id":"77163c7c67db59faa0000059","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676824,"position":1,"parentId":"77163bf667db59faa0000058","content":"Stories pre-school children like:\n* Stories with rhythm and funny rhyming words. *E.g. mother goose, alphabet books, counting books, animal stories*"},{"_id":"77163d5767db59faa000005a","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676798,"position":2,"parentId":"77163bf667db59faa0000058","content":"Stories for 1st grade children: \n* Stories about the world around them and about their immediate surrounding community"},{"_id":"77163e3b67db59faa000005b","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676822,"position":3,"parentId":"77163bf667db59faa0000058","content":"2nd and 3rd grade children: \n* Tales of fantasy, or\n* funny animals that talk"},{"_id":"77163ef467db59faa000005c","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676818,"position":4,"parentId":"77163bf667db59faa0000058","content":"4rd grade and up: \n* Like stories about real things about them.\n* Stories with more facts but not necessarily true. "},{"_id":"77163f6767db59faa000005d","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676814,"position":5,"parentId":"77163bf667db59faa0000058","content":"Older children: \n* Stories about adventure\n* Travel\n* Biographies"},{"_id":"771642a867db59faa000005e","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676839,"position":6,"parentId":"77163bf667db59faa0000058","content":"Other stories suitable for children in the lower grades:\n* Cinderella\n* 3 little pigs\n* Little red riding hood\n* Snow white"},{"_id":"7716441467db59faa000005f","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676861,"position":4,"parentId":"7716282267db59faa0000052","content":"### Suggested Things to do when reading aloud:\n"},{"_id":"7716447167db59faa0000060","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676976,"position":1,"parentId":"7716441467db59faa000005f","content":"* Define or explain words from the book or story in advance, for the readers/listeners to set the expectations of readers or listeners\n* Give the title of the story or the author for children who want to read it for themselves in advance or so they can read it again\n* Group children in a semi circle facing the reader\n* Sit on the floor\n* Teacher/reader should not hide his face when reading aloud. Showing the facial gestures is helpful to give impression to the audience, but too much face gestures can be distracting.\n* Teacher should keep an eye contact with the children\n* The reader should read aloud enough with correct punctuation, pronunciation, and dramatic simplicity\n* Give children time to ponder over the story, then talk about the parts they like best\n* Do not give any test or check-up questions\n"},{"_id":"771655a267db59faa0000061","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677178,"position":6,"parentId":null,"content":"## LESSON 2\n## **PLAIN STORYTELLING**\n\n"},{"_id":"771658a067db59faa0000062","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676941,"position":1,"parentId":"771655a267db59faa0000061","content":"Stories are man's chief means of communication."},{"_id":"77165abd67db59faa0000063","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676955,"position":2,"parentId":"771655a267db59faa0000061","content":"In the early days, a story was a simple account of the events that took place during that day."},{"_id":"77165c9267db59faa0000064","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676973,"position":3,"parentId":"771655a267db59faa0000061","content":"These days, children are exposed to different forms of media media communication e.g. *television, movies, social-media internet, computers, etc.,* but the story teller is still an indispensable agent of socialization. "},{"_id":"7716649267db59faa0000065","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9676982,"position":4,"parentId":"771655a267db59faa0000061","content":"### Values of story-telling:"},{"_id":"7716655067db59faa0000066","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677058,"position":1,"parentId":"7716649267db59faa0000065","content":"* Story telling is an introduction to written language.\n* It gives children opportunity to know the best of children's literature\n* Increases children's knowledge and experience\n* Creates a desire in children to know the lives of other people and their culture\n* Develops listening and communication skills of children\n* Gives pleasure and enjoyment to children\n* Children learn to organize their thoughts when telling the story himself\n* children build confidence and how to properly express himself"},{"_id":"771670a167db59faa0000067","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677059,"position":5,"parentId":"771655a267db59faa0000061","content":"### Steps in Storytelling:"},{"_id":"7716735767db59faa0000068","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677175,"position":1,"parentId":"771670a167db59faa0000067","content":"1. select a story to tell\n2. Prepare the story.\n3. Practice telling the story aloud to yourself.\n4. Announce your story informally in many ways\n a. Today we are going to hear about our old friends, : \"\"\n b. I have a new story for you today and it is called: \"\"\n c. You have heard all the stories about Jack and the beanstalk, now do you know there is another story called, \"\"\n5. at the end of the story,do not give any checkup questions or tests. do not ask them if they like the storyor not.\n6. children may draw illustrations of the character."},{"_id":"771684eb67db59faa000006c","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677176,"position":6,"parentId":"771655a267db59faa0000061","content":""},{"_id":"771686e3996136fd8a00003e","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677216,"position":7,"parentId":null,"content":"## LESSON 3\n## **STORYTELLING WITH PICTURES**"},{"_id":"7716890d996136fd8a00003f","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677182,"position":1,"parentId":"771686e3996136fd8a00003e","content":"### Uses of pictures"},{"_id":"77168c53996136fd8a000043","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677186,"position":1,"parentId":"7716890d996136fd8a00003f","content":"Pictures help create a series of incidents ouf of the story. They enrich meaning when there is a weird or something not easily understood by the listeners."},{"_id":"771689b4996136fd8a000040","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677183,"position":2,"parentId":"771686e3996136fd8a00003e","content":"### Kinds of pictures"},{"_id":"77168ee1996136fd8a000044","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677187,"position":1,"parentId":"771689b4996136fd8a000040","content":"Pictures may be an illustration from a magazine, painting, a photograph, a drawing, or a sketch, or a combination of these. "},{"_id":"77168a08996136fd8a000041","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677184,"position":3,"parentId":"771686e3996136fd8a00003e","content":"### Principles involved in the use of pictures."},{"_id":"7716916a996136fd8a000045","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677189,"position":1,"parentId":"77168a08996136fd8a000041","content":"* Principles used should be authentic.\n* Pictures should be simple and clear in detail. \n* They should be large enough\n* should be meaningful\n* should have color, harmony and beauty of design\n* should explain something and inspire ideas"},{"_id":"77168ac7996136fd8a000042","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677190,"position":4,"parentId":"771686e3996136fd8a00003e","content":"### How to use pictures"},{"_id":"771694aa996136fd8a000046","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677191,"position":1,"parentId":"77168ac7996136fd8a000042","content":"* Display the pictures where everyone can see them\n* Arrange them on the chalkledge,\n* Each picture should be suited to the grade level of the children"},{"_id":"77169bb3996136fd8a000047","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678435,"position":8,"parentId":null,"content":"## LESSON 4 ##\n## **DRAMATIZATION** ##"},{"_id":"77169e71996136fd8a000048","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677223,"position":1,"parentId":"77169bb3996136fd8a000047","content":"Word Drama comes from the greek and means to act or to do. "},{"_id":"7716a134996136fd8a000049","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677227,"position":2,"parentId":"77169bb3996136fd8a000047","content":"It is one of several methods of story telling."},{"_id":"7716a234996136fd8a00004a","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677228,"position":3,"parentId":"77169bb3996136fd8a000047","content":"Drama is intended to be acted rather than read."},{"_id":"7716a2b7996136fd8a00004b","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677230,"position":4,"parentId":"77169bb3996136fd8a000047","content":"It is both for children and adults."},{"_id":"7716a396996136fd8a00004c","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677231,"position":5,"parentId":"77169bb3996136fd8a000047","content":"### 2 Types of Dramatization ###"},{"_id":"7716a44b996136fd8a00004d","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678339,"position":1,"parentId":"7716a396996136fd8a00004c","content":"* Formal dramatization-Planned and preplotted. It is memorized and props are prepared."},{"_id":"7716a9cd5eaf8506f400004d","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9677568,"position":1,"parentId":"7716a44b996136fd8a00004d","content":"Values of Formal Dramatization: \n* Give participants the ability of self-expression and understanding. \n* Gives entertainment\n* Brings to life the subjects discussed in school\n* Gives substance to historic events and lives of great men and women.\n* Gives meaning to celebrations, holidays and commemorative activities.\n* Teaches people how to cooperate with each other."},{"_id":"7716af475eaf8506f400004e","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678336,"position":2,"parentId":"7716a396996136fd8a00004c","content":"* informal dramatization-pupils act out the events of the story that is well known to them. They do not memorize, or practice. There are no costumes or stage props, but only a simple drama."},{"_id":"7716b3f35eaf8506f400004f","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678393,"position":1,"parentId":"7716af475eaf8506f400004e","content":"Values of Informal Dramatization: \n* Develops imagination\n* Improves oral expression and poise\n* It gives them a command of self-expression\n* it develops stage presence\n* provides an outlet for emotion"},{"_id":"7716b9aa5eaf8506f4000052","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678360,"position":5.5,"parentId":"77169bb3996136fd8a000047","content":"### Steps in Dramatization: "},{"_id":"7716ba205eaf8506f4000053","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678391,"position":1,"parentId":"7716b9aa5eaf8506f4000052","content":"1. Divide the story into parts\n2. name the parts\n3. list the characters\n4. discuss the setting\n5. let the pupil choose the cast for the different parts\n6. review the action and main conversation of each part or act\n7. let the pupils give constructive criticism\n8. let the pupils choose the final cast\n9. allow time for practice\n10. let each one evaluate their own performance"},{"_id":"7716be325eaf8506f4000054","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678371,"position":5.75,"parentId":"77169bb3996136fd8a000047","content":"### Other forms of dramatization:"},{"_id":"7716bee15eaf8506f4000055","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678380,"position":1,"parentId":"7716be325eaf8506f4000054","content":"* Monologue"},{"_id":"7716bfff5eaf8506f4000056","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678384,"position":2,"parentId":"7716be325eaf8506f4000054","content":"* Pantomine"},{"_id":"7716c08e5eaf8506f4000058","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678392,"position":1,"parentId":"7716bfff5eaf8506f4000056","content":"Values in *pantomine*\n* Shy children can take active part in pantomining\n* children lose their self consciousness\n* they develop changing facial expressions\n* children learn to understand emotions\n* children develop appreciation of literature"},{"_id":"7716c6a55eaf8506f4000059","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678402,"position":5.875,"parentId":"77169bb3996136fd8a000047","content":"### techniques for creative dramatization: "},{"_id":"7716c77a5eaf8506f400005a","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678405,"position":1,"parentId":"7716c6a55eaf8506f4000059","content":"1. a child acts out the title of a book or poem\n2. a child reads out the dialogue from a story.\n3. a child may dress as a character from literature\n4. children may dramatize a story they have heard or read\n5. writing their own scripts for children in higher levels"},{"_id":"7716cd625eaf8506f400005c","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678436,"position":9,"parentId":null,"content":"## LESSON 5 ##\n## ** PUPPETS AND MARIONETTES ** ##"},{"_id":"7716d0c65eaf8506f400005d","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678491,"position":1,"parentId":"7716cd625eaf8506f400005c","content":"Puppets are figures usually in limitation of life under an operator's control used for dramatic presentation. It is a doll manipulated by the performer so that it will act as a character in a play."},{"_id":"7716d4495eaf8506f400005f","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678488,"position":2,"parentId":"7716cd625eaf8506f400005c","content":"### 2 Types of hand manipulated figures:###"},{"_id":"7716d4dc5eaf8506f4000060","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678462,"position":1,"parentId":"7716d4495eaf8506f400005f","content":"a. puppet-a doll, manipulated directly by hand"},{"_id":"7716d9b65eaf8506f4000062","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678465,"position":1,"parentId":"7716d4dc5eaf8506f4000060","content":"types of puppets:\na. stick puppets \nb. shadow puppets\nc. finger or hand puppets"},{"_id":"7716d98a5eaf8506f4000061","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678493,"position":2,"parentId":"7716d4495eaf8506f400005f","content":"b. marionette-a doll manipulated by strings"},{"_id":"7716dd595eaf8506f4000064","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678486,"position":3,"parentId":"7716cd625eaf8506f400005c","content":"###Values of Puppets and Marionettes ###\n* Cooperation\n* Shy and slow learners can make great contribution\n* great deal of out of classroom work is done\n* interest in reading is developed\n* artistic and creative skills are developed\n* develop kinesthetic skills"},{"_id":"7716e5a25eaf8506f4000067","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678511,"position":3.5,"parentId":"7716cd625eaf8506f400005c","content":"### Principles in using a puppet play for teaching: ###\n* Do not use puppets for stories or plays that can be done just as well or better by other dramatic means\n* Puppet plays focus must be on actions rather than words\n* must be short\n* must be adopted according to the audience\n* music and dancing can be incorporated\n* Hand puppet can be the narrator or storyteller"},{"_id":"7716ed5b5eaf8506f4000068","treeId":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","seq":9678520,"position":3.75,"parentId":"7716cd625eaf8506f400005c","content":"### Samples ###\n*sock puppets, sesame street, shadow puppets*"}],"tree":{"_id":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f","name":"Shyna's Report","publicUrl":"7715f4fd67db59faa000003f"}}