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  • pathogens

    1)what they are,2) how they get into the body & 3) how they cause disease

  • lifestyle & health

    1) risk, 2) lifestyle choice and cancer, 3) lifestyle choice and coronary heart disease, 4) reducing risk of cancer and CHD

  • 1) pathogen: any micro-organism that causes disease. (pathogens include bacteria, viruses & fungi)
    2) gas exchange system: many pathogens enter the body through the gas exchange surfaces. pathogens that cause influenza, tuberculosis & bronchitis infect in this way.
    2) digestive system: food & water may carry pathogens into the stomach & intestines via the mouth. cholera, typhoid & dysentery pathogens enter by this means.
    3) By damaging host tissue: numbers can cause damage, some break down the membranes, viruses can take over the DNA and RNA of hosts.
    3) by producing toxins: pathogens can produce toxins. cholera can produce toxins that lead to excessive water loss from the lining of the intestines.

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