Rover walking

{"cards":[{"_id":"3dc415066afdeaefb300000f","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":1,"parentId":null,"content":"McCloskey PhD thesis\nDevelopment of legged, wheeled, and hybrid rover mobility models to facilitate planetary surface exploration mission analysis\n\nhttp://ssl.mit.edu/publications/theses/SM-2007-McCloskeyScott.pdf"},{"_id":"3dc4169a6afdeaefb3000010","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":1,"parentId":"3dc415066afdeaefb300000f","content":"@phdthesis{mccloskey2007development,\n title={Development of legged, wheeled, and hybrid rover mobility models to facilitate planetary surface exploration mission analysis},\n author={McCloskey, Scott Haddon},\n year={2007},\n school={Massachusetts Institute of Technology}\n}\n"},{"_id":"3dc417766afdeaefb3000011","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":2,"parentId":"3dc415066afdeaefb300000f","content":"Covers attempts to simulate the entire mission profile.\n\nNotes disadvantages with existing rocker-bogie systems (which ExoMars isn't? using) in slopes and soft sand (p46, and graphs)\n\nWheels sink into soil, leading to high soil resistance, but well understood and simple to control.\n\nLegs don't sink, can step over stuff, can shift support base to retain stability over inclined terrain. Really complex to control, and will require more computational capability, probably. Also, energy is lost in moving the rover mass up and down.\n\nBoth is useful - combines the advantages of both: wheels are more efficient on the flat and smooth. But he says hybrids have to carry both systems (p51), but that's not true with ExoMars.\n\n**Talks a lot about MoRETA**\n- 4 legs with wheels at the end\n- legs have quite a number of DoFs (hips have pitch and yaw, knee has 1 DoF, foot has 1 DoF.\n- 1 m/s rolling, 0.05 m/s walking\n- walking is done with a **stable tripod gait** which isn't an option we have.\n\n\nrefs: HyLoS, ATHLETE, MoRETA\n* ATHLETE is weird, it's a huge hexagonal bot; again it has loads of DoFs (6 limbs with 6 DoFs each, each with a 1DoF wheel, and the ability to have manipulators on the limbs.) So its gaits are largely standard stable multi-point gaits - it typically uses the \"alternating tripod\" gait, which seems quite popular with hexapods.\n\n\n"},{"_id":"3dc451b96afdeaefb3000012","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":2,"parentId":null,"content":"Besseron on HyLoS\nG. Besseron, C. Grand, F. Ben Amar, F. Plumet, P. Bidaud, **Stability of an Hybrid Wheeled-Legged Robot**, 8th International Conference on Climbing and \nWalking Robots (CLAWAR 2005), 2005.\n\nhttp://www.isir.upmc.fr/files/2005ACTI133.pdf\n\nAttempt to formulate a potential field system for keeping a robot stable. Interesting (and quite mathematical) but not directly relevant."},{"_id":"3dc8e4c27bfaa6d684000018","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":1,"parentId":"3dc451b96afdeaefb3000012","content":""},{"_id":"3dc454916afdeaefb3000013","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":3,"parentId":null,"content":"A. Coso, C. Tortora, eds., **Modular Rover for Extreme Terrain Access Design \nDocument**, 16.83x Space Systems Product Development, MIT, 2007\n\nDescribes the MoRETA rover in more detail, but the McCloskey thesis contains enough."},{"_id":"3dc4aeab6afdeaefb3000015","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":3.5,"parentId":null,"content":"Townsend and Biesiadecki, **Sliding Gait Algorithm for the All-Terrain Hex-Limbed Extra-Terrestrial Explorer (ATHLETE)**\n\nhttp://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/bitstream/2014/42756/1/12-2595_A1b.pdf\n\nDescribes a \"sliding gait\" for ATHLETE, it seems to be using two wheels as anchors while \"inching\" the remaining wheels over the surface - rolling them while moving the legs. "},{"_id":"3dc4b1676afdeaefb3000016","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":1,"parentId":"3dc4aeab6afdeaefb3000015","content":"@inproceedings{townsend2012sliding,\n title={Sliding Gait Algorithm for the All-Terrain Hex-Limbed Extra-Terrestrial Explorer (ATHLETE)},\n author={Townsend, Julie and Biesiadecki, Jeffrey},\n booktitle={ASME 2012 5th Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference joint with the JSME 2012 11th Motion and Vibration Conference},\n pages={51--58},\n year={2012},\n organization={American Society of Mechanical Engineers}\n}\n\n"},{"_id":"3dc4b5126afdeaefb3000018","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":1.5,"parentId":"3dc4aeab6afdeaefb3000015","content":""},{"_id":"3dc4b4846afdeaefb3000017","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":2,"parentId":"3dc4aeab6afdeaefb3000015","content":""},{"_id":"3dc4acbb6afdeaefb3000014","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":4,"parentId":null,"content":"**Inching Locomotion for Planetary Rover Mobility **\nScott Moreland, Krzysztof Skonieczny, David Wettergreen\n\nhttp://www.ri.cmu.edu/pub_files/2011/3/inching_ieeeAERO2011.pdf\n\nThis one even has a little diagram of how inching works!"},{"_id":"3dc4fd386afdeaefb3000019","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":1,"parentId":"3dc4acbb6afdeaefb3000014","content":"@inproceedings{moreland2011inching,\n title={Inching locomotion for planetary rover mobility},\n author={Moreland, Scott and Skonieczny, Krzysztof and Wettergreen, David and Asnani, Vivake and Creager, Colin and Oravec, Heather},\n booktitle={Aerospace Conference, 2011 IEEE},\n pages={1--6},\n year={2011},\n organization={IEEE}\n}"},{"_id":"3dc501966afdeaefb300001a","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":5,"parentId":null,"content":"**Benefit of “Push-pull” Locomotion for Planetary Rover Mobility**\n\nhttp://www.ri.cmu.edu/pub_files/2012/4/Push_Pull_Locomotion_Earth%26Space2012.pdf\n\nPaydirt, maybe! They do an interesting thing for measuring here - they use a widget to pull the rover, making it seem like it's going up a slope. These are **drawbar pull tests**.\n\nThis is a paper by the same guys as above with the same robot.\n\nThey also use **good metrics** and detailed examination of how the soil moves around the wheels, which might be useful."},{"_id":"3dc5047d6afdeaefb300001b","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":1,"parentId":"3dc501966afdeaefb300001a","content":"@article{creager2012benefit,\n title={Benefit of\" Push-Pull\" Locomotion for Planetary Rover Mobility},\n author={Creager, C and Moreland, S and Skonieczny, K and Johnson, K and Asnani, V and Gilligan, R},\n journal={Earth and Space},\n volume={10},\n pages={9780784412190--002},\n year={2012}\n}"},{"_id":"3dc6c825e6fa8422f100001c","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":2,"parentId":"3dc501966afdeaefb300001a","content":" The Scarab roving vehicle(Wettergreen, 2010),developed at Carnegie Mellon university, is a four wheel drive robotic vehicle with the ability to inch. On each side, each wheel is attached to the end of an arm that extends out from the center\nof the chassis at a shoulder joint. An actuator controls the angle between these arms,thus creating the ability to vary the wheel base (distance between the front and rear wheels). When inching, the rear wheels are held in place relative to the ground while the wheel base is increased and the front tires are driven forward.\n\nOnce the front wheels are in place, the back wheels are driven forward while the wheel base is reduced. During this cycle, two tires are always stationary relative to the ground acting as anchors from which the rest of the vehicle can push or pull itself in to position. "},{"_id":"3dc72beec23aa1132600001d","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":6,"parentId":null,"content":"**The ExoMars rover locomotion subsystem**\nNildeep Patel et al.\n"},{"_id":"3dc72cf7c23aa1132600001e","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":1,"parentId":"3dc72beec23aa1132600001d","content":"@article{patel2010exomars,\n title={The ExoMars rover locomotion subsystem},\n author={Patel, Nildeep and Slade, Richard and Clemmet, Jim},\n journal={Journal of Terramechanics},\n volume={47},\n number={4},\n pages={227--242},\n year={2010},\n publisher={Elsevier}\n}"},{"_id":"3dc739ffc23aa1132600001f","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":7,"parentId":null,"content":"**Study and implementation of wheel walking for a Mars rover\n**\nHu, Zhongliang\n\n\nhttp://epubl.ltu.se/1653-0187/2007/077/LTU-PB-EX-07077-SE.pdf\n\nMainly deals with Marsokhod but worth reading - there are a few details of other rovers there."},{"_id":"3dc73c49c23aa11326000020","treeId":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","seq":1,"position":1,"parentId":"3dc739ffc23aa1132600001f","content":"@article{hu2009study,\n title={Study and implementation of wheel walking for a Mars rover},\n author={Hu, Zhongliang},\n year={2009},\n publisher={Lule{\\aa} tekniska universitet}\n}"}],"tree":{"_id":"3d0c0a8751c53e088800001c","name":"Rover walking","publicUrl":"roverwalking"}}